Showing posts with label Tourismpedia. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Tourismpedia. Show all posts

Tuesday, November 10, 2009

International Tourist Arrivals and Tourism Receipts by Region and Country

Tourism Indicators » Inbound Tourism » International Tourist Arrivals & Tourism Receipts by country

International Tourist Arrivals :

International Tourism Receipts (US$)

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The Social Construction of Tourism

Cultural Tourism has become a major industry worldwide. In countries like France, Italy, England the "culture" that is displayed and encountered by the traveller is that of the levels of what we call High Culture within the overall social framework of those countries. Elsewhere, and particularly in the colonised (as opposed to colonising) countries, this is not the case.In these instances Cultural Tourism takes on the ambiance of an encounter with the Exotic Other. And this other, is usually the indigenous person living in a subbordinated role in their own land. They are often exploited by other tourism operators for the tourist dollar, and rarely do they own and control the way that they are portrayed, or the kinds of dicourse they can have with the traveller. Critical Cultural Tourism addresses these issues. In this PDF we will interrogate the issue of the colonisation, displacement, replacement and renaming by which a socially constructed history is developed. We will look at what role this dominant culture version of history plays in the tourism industry. We look at the impact of international capital and globalisation on indigenous prople in general and on cultural tourism in particular. Finally we unpack the issue of commodification in the Tourism Industry which leads to the production of products and practices that are insulting to the intelligence of the traveller and the tourism operator alike, and we pose the question "Is it possible to have an authentic Cultural Tourism experience?" And if so, what would it look like?

Source: www.tonywardedu.com

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System of Tourism Statistics (STS)

A System of Tourism Statistics (STS) should be understood, as that part of the National Statistical System (NSS) providing reliable, consistent and appropriate statistical information on the socio-economic aspects related to tourism, integrated within all the economic and social statistics related to other fields, at different territorial levels (national –or federal, where appropriate-, infra-national and international).

The design of a national STS should be viewed as the basic coordination and integration framework of the statistical information produced by all tourism stakeholders. Concepts, definitions, classifications, data, indicators, aggregates and table of results relating to tourism, designed so as to provide an exhaustive description of the tourism phenomenon in all its aspects (physical, social, economic, etc.) and a measurement of its economic contribution within a context of international comparability are a structural part of the NSS.

The new International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics 2008 (IRTS 2008) and 2008 Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended Methodological Framework (TSA:RMF 2008) constitute the updated reference framework for the STS. As a consequence, they should be used as a reference for harmonization, coordination and integration of available tourism statistical information, although this information might extend in the coming years beyond the still restricted domain these recommendations touch upon: for instance, by extending the concept of consumption to include other components of demand (such as collective consumption and gross fixed capital formation), by developing the sub-national perspective, by developing the link with other statistical system such as that on environmental issues, etc.

For a more detailed description see:

Source: www.unwto.org

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Monday, November 9, 2009

Tourism – an Economic and Social Phenomenon

Over the decades, tourism has experienced continued growth and deepening ‎diversification to become one of the fastest growing economic sectors in the world. ‎Modern tourism is closely linked to development and encompasses a growing number ‎of new destinations. These dynamics have turned tourism into a key driver for socio-‎economic progress.‎

Today, the business volume of tourism equals or even surpasses that of oil exports, ‎food products or automobiles. Tourism has become one of the major players in ‎international commerce, and represents at the same time one of the main income ‎sources for many developing countries. This growth goes hand in hand with an ‎increasing diversification and competition among destinations.‎

This global spread of tourism in industrialised and developed states has produced ‎economic and employment benefits in many related sectors - from construction to ‎agriculture or telecommunications.‎

The contribution of tourism to economic well-being depends on the quality and the ‎revenues of the tourism offer. UNWTO assists destinations in their sustainable ‎positioning in ever more complex national and international markets. As the UN agency ‎dedicated to tourism, UNWTO points out that particularly developing countries stand to ‎benefit from sustainable tourism and acts to help make this a reality.‎

Key numbers:‎
From 1950 to 2005, international tourism arrivals expanded at an annual rate of ‎‎6.5%, growing from 25 million to 806 million travellers.‎
The income generated by these arrivals grew at an even stronger rate reaching ‎‎11.2% during the same period, outgrowing the world economy, reaching around ‎US$ 680 billion in 2005.‎
While in 1950 the top 15 destinations absorbed 88% of international arrivals, in ‎‎1970 the proportion was 75% and decreased to 57% in 2005, reflecting the ‎emergence of new destinations, many of them in developing countries.‎
Current developments & forecasts:‎
Worldwide arrivals reached 842 million in 2006, representing a 4.6% year on ‎year growth.‎
‎2007 looks set to be the fourth consecutive year of sustained growth for a ‎global tourism industry that continues to show its resilience to any natural or ‎man-made crises.‎
UNWTO predicts a 4% growth of international tourist arrivals in 2007, in line ‎with its long-term forecast growth rate through to 2020 of 4.1%.‎
By 2020 international arrivals are expected to surpass 1.5 billion people.‎

Source:
http://www.unwto.org/aboutwto/why/en/why.php?op=1

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World Tourism Organization (UNWTO/OMT)

World Tourism Organization (UNWTO/OMT): is a specialized agency of the United ‎Nations and the leading international organization in the field of tourism. It serves as a ‎global forum for tourism policy issues and a practical source of tourism know-how.‎

Related UNWTO:

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Advertising

Advertising: is any activity designed to spread information with a view to promoting the sales of marketable goods and services.
(A.K. Bhatia,Tourism Development Principles and Practicces).

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Guide

Guide: is a person who is licensed to take paying guests on local sightseeing excursions.

(A.K. Bhatia, Tourism Development Principles and Practicces)

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Guide

Guide: is a person who is licensed to take paying guests on local sightseeing excursions.

(A.K. Bhatia, Tourism Development Principles and Practicces)

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Ground arrangements

Ground Arrangements: is all services provided for the traveller by his tour operator after the traveller reaches his first foreign destination. Also referred to as Land Arrangements.

(A.K. Bhatia, Tourism Development Principles and Practicces)

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Social Tourism

Social Tourism: Are all the relations and phenomena resulting from the accession to tourism of low income groups made possible or facilitated by specific social measures. It is the type of tourism practiced by those who, otherwise, would not able to meet the cost without social intervention, i.e., without the assistance of an association to which the individual belongs.
(A.K. Bhatia, Tourism Development Principles and Practicces)

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Wlidlife Sanctuary

Wildlife Sanctuary: is an area where protection is given only to the fauna and the operation like harvesting of timber, collection of minor forest products and private ownership rights are permitted, so long as they do not interface with the well-being of animals.

Source Picture: http://www.atlantaaudubon.org/aaswww/conservation/sancsign.jpg

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Tourism Expenditure

Tourism Expenditure: is the total consumption expenditure made by a visitor or on behalf of a visitor for and during his/her trip and stay at destination. (UNWTO)

Technical Manual of Collection of Tourism Expenditure Statistics in pdf file:

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Package Tour

Package Tour: is a travel product (often sold by travel agents or direct “off the page”) with an inclusive price covering the different elements of the trip e.g. transport to the destination, accommodation, catering and perhaps some sightseeing activities. 

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Yield Management

Yield management: is a practise pioneered by airlines and now used by accommodation providers and other tourism suppliers to maximise revenue by raising or lowering prices according to demand.

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Confidential Tariff

Confidential Tariff: is a discounted prices quoted to wholesalers, tour operators and travel agents, distributed in confidence and not published for public use.  

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Key Tourism Abbreviations at a Glance of "I"

IATA: International Air Transport Association 
ICOMOS: International Council on Monuments & Sites 
ICT: Information & Communications Technology 
IiP: Investors In People 
ILAM: Institute of Leisure and Amenity Management 
IPS: International Passenger Survey 
IT: Inclusive Tour 
IT: Information Technology 
ITG: Institute of Tourist Guiding  
ITMA: Incentive Travel and Meetings Association 
IYHF: International Youth Hostel Federation

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Key Tourism Abbreviations at a Glance of "T"

TIC: Tourist Information Centre 
TIP: Tourism Information Point 
TMI: Tourism Management Institute 
TSA: Tourism Satellite Account 

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Key Tourism Abbreviations at a Glance of "W"

WHS: World Heritage Site 
WTM: World Travel Market 
WTO: World Tourism Organization 
WTTC: World Travel and Tourism Council

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Key Tourism Abbreviations at a Glance of "B"

B&B: Bed and Breakfast 
BAA: British Airports Authority 
BABA: Book-a-bed-ahead 
BACD: British Association of Conference Destinations  
BAFA: British Arts Festivals Association 
BC: British Council 
BHA: British Hospitality Association 
BITOA: British Incoming Tour Operators Association (now UKInbound) 
BTA: British Tourist Authority (now VisitBritain) 
BTTF: British Travel Trade Fair 

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Key Tourism Abbreviations at a Glance of "A"

AA: Automobile Association 
ABTA: Association of British Travel Agents
ACORN: A Classification of Residential Neighbourhoods
AIM: Association of Independent Museums
ALVA: Association of Leading Visitor Attractions
AONB: Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
ARELS: Association of Recognised English Language Schools 
ATOC: Association of Train Operating Companies
 

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